Arduin Uno as ISP to burn Bootloader to Mega 2560

To burn bootloader to Arduino MEGA 2560 using Arduino Uno as ISP, connect Uno & MEGA as shown:

PC is connected to Uno.

- Program Uno as ArduinoISP
> Select board of Uno
> Select programmer of AVRISP mkII
> File > Examples > ArduinoISP > ArduinoISP
> Upload

- Now we are going to program MEGA, the Uno act as Arduino as ISP.
> Select board of MEGA
> Select programmer of Arduino as ISP
> Tools > Burn Bootloader

As shown in this video:

Program standalone breadboard Arduino of ATmega328, using Arduino Uno as ArduinoISP

This post show how to program the ATmega328 on a standalone breadboard Arduino. Using Arduino Uno as Arduino ISP.


Connect your breadboard Arduino to Arduino Uno as shown here:

Extra components needed:
- a 16 MHz crystal
- two 22 picofarad capacitors, between the crystal and GND.
- a 10k resistor, between pin 1 of ATMEGA328P and +5V.
- LED and 1K resistor, used in our Blink example. LED cathode connect to GND, anode connect to the 1K resistor, connect to pin 19 of ATMEGA328P.

The basic steps:
- Connect the breadboard to Arduino Uno as shown above.
- Connect Uno to PC using USB.
- Start Arduino IDE, and program the Arduino Uno as ArduinoISP.
- Switch Tools -> Board to our target board.
- Select Tools -> Programmer -> Arduino as ISP.
- Burn Bootloader.
- Compile and upload your sketch.

I suppose the target board is very similar to Nano board, so I select Board of Arduino Nano, and Processor of ATmega328. It success to burn bootloader, but FAIL to upload sketch, with error of:
avrdude: stk500_getsync() attempt x of 10: not in sync: resp=0x1c

As show in this video:

I have to modify boards.txt to add a new board, copy from nano. The file should be locate in the folder arduino-1.5.8/hardware/arduino/avr/. For safety, make a copy before edit.

Find the entry of nano, copy and rename another board, bba.name=BreadBoard Arduino in my case. Modify the content as:

##############################################################
# Create custom board of BreadBoard Arduino
bba.name=BreadBoard Arduino

bba.upload.tool=avrdude
#bba.upload.protocol=arduino

bba.bootloader.tool=avrdude
bba.bootloader.unlock_bits=0x3F
bba.bootloader.lock_bits=0x0F

bba.build.f_cpu=16000000L
bba.build.board=AVR_NANO
bba.build.core=arduino
bba.build.variant=eightanaloginputs

## BreadBoard Arduino w/ ATmega328
## -------------------------
bba.menu.cpu.atmega328=ATmega328

bba.menu.cpu.atmega328.upload.maximum_size=30720
bba.menu.cpu.atmega328.upload.maximum_data_size=2048
bba.menu.cpu.atmega328.upload.speed=57600

bba.menu.cpu.atmega328.upload.using=arduino:arduinoisp

bba.menu.cpu.atmega328.bootloader.low_fuses=0xFF
bba.menu.cpu.atmega328.bootloader.high_fuses=0xDA
bba.menu.cpu.atmega328.bootloader.extended_fuses=0x05
bba.menu.cpu.atmega328.bootloader.file=atmega/ATmegaBOOT_168_atmega328.hex

bba.menu.cpu.atmega328.build.mcu=atmega328p

##############################################################

Re-start Arduino IDE after boards.txt modified and saved.

This video show how to edit the file boards.txt:

Finally, we can program the ATmega328 on breadboard using Arduino Uno as ISP, and select our custom BreadBoard Arduino, of processor ATmega328 as target.

Check this video:

Use Arduino Uno as ISP to burn Bootloader on ATmega328

This post show how to use Arduino Uno as "Arduino as ISP", to burn bootloader on a empty ATmega328, marked ATMEGA328P-PU.

Extra components needed:
- a 16 MHz crystal,
- a 10k resistor, and
- two 22 picofarad capacitors.

Steps:


Program your Arduino Uno to be "Arduino as ISP":
- Connect Arduino Uno to PC with USB cable.
- Select Tools -> Port and your current connected Board (Arduino Uno).
- Select File -> Examples of ArduinoISP.
- Compile and upload to your Arduino Uno board.
- Once finished, your Arduino Uno is a "Arduino as ISP" now.

Burn bootloader to Atmega328, using your "Arduino as ISP":
- Select Tools -> Board, it is the board on which you want to burn the bootloader, not your current connect board. I will use Arduino Uno as target to verify my steps and setup later, so I keep using Arduino Uno.
- Select Tools -> Programmer of "Arduino as ISP".
- Select Tools -> Burn Bootloader
- Done.

Verify:
- Disconnect USB cable between Arduino Uno and yout PC.
- Replace the ATmega328 controller on your Arduino Uno with the new burnt ATmega328.
- Connect to PC again and try any example, it should be work as your original Arduino Uno.

Remark:

(I)
I have one chance failed with the error:

Arduino: 1.5.7 (Linux), Board: "Arduino Uno"

avrdude: Yikes!  Invalid device signature.
         Double check connections and try again, or use -F to override
         this check.

  This report would have more information with
  "Show verbose output during compilation"
  enabled in File > Preferences.

It is caused by bad contact, solved by slightly fixing the wires.

(II)
Mention in the tutorial "Using an Arduino as an AVR ISP (In-System Programmer)": Note for the Arduino Uno: you'll need to add a 10 uF capacitor between reset and ground.

In my trial experience, I have no this capacitor added.

Reference:
- http://arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/ArduinoToBreadboard
- http://arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/ArduinoISP